Dr. Cao is a senior researcher with more than 20 years of experience in patch-clamp electrophysiology. Her expertise spans adult brain slice preparation, circuit mapping, synaptic physiology, and optogenetic approaches. She has extensive experience with dual whole-cell recordings using mixed current-clamp and voltage-clamp configurations to examine synaptic connectivity. In the lab, Dr. Cao leads electrophysiological experiments that integrate optical and physiological methods.